Donnie Darko
Franks Eye

Movie Explanation

Firstly this explanation is written assuming that you've seen the film. There are spoilers throughout so it could ruin the enjoyable experience of watching it for the first time.

The film has been carefully made so that there are multiple explanations to what happens. With the release of the director's cut some of the ambiguity has been taken away and the director's true version of the story becomes clearer. The explanation heavily revolves around the book Donnie gets from his teacher, "The Philosophy of Time Travel" written by Roberta Sparrow (Grandma Death). The book is a fictional one but some of the pages were in the film's web site and included into the director's cut version of the movie. You can read those pages here.

PU = Primary Universe (The Universe we exist in now)
TU = Tangent Universe (The parallel Universe that most of the film is set in)
PoTT = Philosophy of Time Travel

Tangent Universe

The PoTT states that time is usually a stable construct but every now and then the fourth dimension gets corrupted. When this happens it creates a TU which is highly unstable and will only last a few weeks before it collapses in upon itself. There is a danger that when the TU collapses it could cause a black hole capable of destroying the PU as well.

This is what happens in the movie, there is a corruption in time and at midnight on October 2nd a TU is created. The next 28 days are now set in this alternate reality. Shortly after the TU starts Frank wakes Donnie up and lures him out of the house. A few minutes later a huge jet engine falls though the rip in time and lands in Donnie's bedroom.

It is important to remember that the TU is NOT created by the jet engine or Frank waking up Donnie. We are already within the TU when both those events occur. Unfortunately we never find out what caused the TU to begin, it's just an unexplained phenomenon.

The Artifact

The ArtifactAccording to the PoTT when a TU is created an Artifact will also spontaneously appear. The Artifact is the first sign of evidence that a TU has been created and are always made from metal. In this case the Artifact is a giant jet engine.

Where the Artifact originally comes from is never disclosed. It was most likely created as the TU was being formed. The TU is an exact copy of the PU with one of everything copied into it. During the copying process there was a glitch and two jet engines were formed. The second engine has nowhere to go as it already exists so it's just dumped where the TU began, over Donnie's house.

The Artifact makes the TU unstable; it can't handle having the anomaly of a duplicate object within it. In order for the TU to unravel without forming a black hole it must once again be an exact copy of the PU. By removing one of the duplicate jet engines it will balance out the Universe allowing the TU to collapse safely. The only way to remove the Artifact is to send it through a portal into the PU.

The Living Receiver

The Living ReceiverWhen a TU occurs with an Artifact then a Living Receiver is also chosen. This person is chosen seemingly at random and in this case Donnie is the chosen one. As Donnie was at the epicentre of the TU this is most likely why he was selected. The Living Receiver's mission is to guide the Artifact out of the TU.

This person is usually blessed with some supernatural powers during their time in the TU to help them with their quest. Some of these include increased strength, mind control, the ability to conjure fire and water and telekinesis.

  • He uses strength to bury the axe into the school water pipe and solid bronze mascot.
  • He uses fire to burn Jim Cunningham's house down
  • He floods the school and constructs a time portal from water.
  • He uses telekinesis to rip the jet engine off the plane to send it through the time portal.

Donnie is not aware of his responsibilities at first though and he doesn't even know he is within a TU. As his journey continues he slowly starts to realise what is going on and what he must do.

Manipulated Dead

Frank

Anyone connected to the Living Receiver who dies in the TU becomes Manipulated Dead. These people are very powerful and have the ability to move through time and talk to the Living Receiver through a Fourth Dimensional Construct. They also have some knowledge of the impending disaster and help guide the chosen one.

Frank is killed in the TU and therefore becomes one of the Manipulated Dead. He travels back in time and helps Donnie with his quest to return the Artifact. The first thing he must do is save Donnie by waking him up before he gets squashed by the jet engine. He is like a reverse ghost who appears before he was killed. Gretchen is also Manipulated Dead but she doesn't appear to Donnie in the same way as it might be to confusing for him.

Manipulated Living

Mrs Pomery and DonnieAll the people connected to the Living Receiver are the Manipulated Living and these people will subconsciously help guide the Living receiver. They will behave in the exact perfect way necessary to push Donnie toward his eventual destiny. Nearly every event in the film has a specific purpose designed to aid Donnie to save the Universe.

There is a driving force behind the Manipulated's behaviour... although we never find out what it is for sure. God is one of the most popular ideas mooted, the film does use religion at many points. The story uses lots of religious symbols and often points to the idea that you follow God's channel to decide your own fate. This guiding force is moving all the Manipulated characters around like pieces on a chessboard, making a sequence of events that will lead to Donnie's success. The Universe is in grave danger and this guiding force has stepped in to help save it.

The Ensurance Trap

Dead FrankThe PoTT states that all the Manipulated are trying to lure the Living Receiver into a trap so has no choice but to send the Artifact out of the TU into the PU. The PoTT calls this the Ensurance Trap (old English) . This is effectively the role all the Manipulated play, they are trying to save themselves by guiding Donnie to complete his mission. If Donnie fails they die as well.

Frank tells Donnie to flood the school which in turn leads to Donnie walking Gretchen home and him then asking her to be his girlfriend. This event is not just coincidence; it's specifically put in place as part of the trap.

Gretchen plays a crucial role in the trap, remember Donnie only meets and falls in love with her within the TU. He is given someone to love then she dies. He's so upset at Frank for killing Gretchen he shoots him dead. This has now created Manipulated Dead Frank, the person guiding him to do these things. He must create Manipulated Dead Frank in order to be saved himself in the beginning.

The manipulated have now successfully set the trap. Donnie was saved from death and is now in a desperate situation. His girlfriend is dead and he's a killer on the run. He knows what his purpose is now and only has one way out even though it will ultimately end his own life. Sending the engine through a portal will erase the last 28 days from history and time will return to October 2nd... back to when Gretchen was still alive.

The End of the Film

Timestorm

At the end of the film we see a vortex appear over Donnie's house. It's the beginning of the TU collapse and is centred over where it began. Donnie is aware of what he must do now so he drives up the mountain for a better vantage point. The plane with the same jet engine has been manipulated to fly overhead at this exact time. Donnie rips the engine off using telekinesis, constructs a time portal from water and guides the engine through it.

We now see parts of the last 28 days rewinding as the TU starts to unravel. The TU has collapsed safely and the PU that was on pause starts back up from when it stopped. We are now back in reality on October 2nd, the last 28 days never happened. Donnie wakes up in his bed laughing after dreaming some of the events within the TU. He then goes back to sleep seemingly content with life now. The experience has seemingly brought him closer to God and he is no longer afraid to die. The jet engine Donnie sent through the time portal now falls into his bedroom killing him.

Dreams

Gretchen WavingEven though the last 28 days never actually happened some of the Manipulated will be haunted in their dreams by their experiences within the TU.

There are bits of evidence to prove this. Frank touching his eye in the final montage and Gretchen waving to Donnie's mum proves that some of the characters have some knowledge of what happened within the lost world.

We see Jim Cunningham crying in the montage as he wakes up... clearly disgusted with himself. Ten days later he clears out his child pornography dungeon and shoots himself on the 14th hole of the golf course... his dirty secret is never revealed.

Final Remarks

Many people assume Donnie has to die otherwise the TU would start over again. From a scientific point of view Donnie's death is not relevant at all , the corruption is already fixed before he dies and if he got up and avoided death then nothing would change. The PoTT tells us of previous Receiver's who died after the Artifact was returned but we only hear about them because their death defies logic. Any Receiver's who escaped death would go completely unnoticed.

It's almost certain Roberta Sparrow was a Living Receiver in a previous TU and that is how she came to write the PoTT. She survived her experience proving that the Receiver doesn't always have to die.

This film does blend science and religion together so his death may emphasise him as a saviour and his belief in God. In death Donnie's role as the Living Receiver seems even greater than before.

Other common questions concern the Artifact Donnie sends through the portal at the end of the movie. Many people ask why the PU is not in danger now it has a duplicate object with it. It seems to be the case that the issue of duplicate objects is only a concern once the Universe they're within starts going through the collapsing process. The PU is a stable linear time-line that never goes through a collapsing process so is therefore never in any danger from duplicate objects.

As stated above the Arrtifact is not the cause of the TU, it's just a by-product of it. This is why there is no danger of another TU starting up once Donnie sends his Artifact through the portal at the end of the movie.

  • You can read more about some of the contentious parts of the movie by clicking here
  • You can compare with some of the alternative explanations by clicking here

Comments
Antonio
November 8th 2012 | 12:57:59

What are some of the religious reasonings in the movie I didn't notice any


Ryan
November 7th 2012 | 7:56:01

If you are wondering why the PU is seemingly in no danger from the duplicate object the simple explanation is that the engine that Donnie sends from the TU is originally from the PU. By him sending it back he is basically evening out the universe.


Dan
November 6th 2012 | 23:03:09

@Karen

Yes Donnie does die... all the scenes after the second jet engine falls are set in the real Primary time-line and actually happen.


Karen Lenegan
November 6th 2012 | 14:54:45

The film was very complex and even though I have read the above and tried to comprehend exactly what the film is all about, I cannot and am more confused, does Danny actually really die, I mean does this story continue on and on like an ongoing loop?
Please Help,
Karen Lenegan.


Dan
November 2nd 2012 | 21:18:15

@Penemue

1) The movie hints at lots of things but not all of them are definitely so. Following the science of the story then once Donnie wakes up back in bed the corruption is fixed. For me that means anything that happens to Donnie after this is irreverent.

2) The PoTT mentions the Receiver has the power of Telekinesis. The director himself also says this is what Donnie does in the Directors Commentary.

3) We only ever see Gretchen in her Manipulated Living form. She is being subconsciously guided so maybe has no choice in her actions at certain points.

4) Well Roberta Sparrow wrote the PoTT almost in an overnight whim. To gain this knowledge to write the book she must have had a similar experience.


Penemue
November 2nd 2012 | 2:40:10

This is an interesting summary, but there are a number of claims here I'd love to see more precise evidence for:

1) The movie seems to imply that Donnie's death is part of what corrects the anomaly. Why do you feel that it is not?

2) The summary mentions that Donnie uses telekinesis to rip the engine off the jet, but there is no cinematographic basis for this. Have you found any evidence for it?

3) I admit that Gretchen falls into the category of Manipulated Dead, but she doesn't really do anything that a MD might do. She may be a vital part of the Ensurance Trap, but is she aware of her role and, if so, what evidence is there?

4) How is it almost certain that Sparrow was a Living Receiver in a previous Tangent? What clues are there in the film?


Ben
November 1st 2012 | 4:59:08

There's a typo in the last sentence of the "Manipulated Living" paragraph, "this guding force has step" should be "this guiding".

Cheers


Anonymoose
October 30th 2012 | 22:41:29

This explanation kind of makes sense. Although, what really grinds my gears is that NONE of these key words were mentioned in the film. Not even once.

Did anyone actually understand this film before they looked up this synopsis?


thunder
October 29th 2012 | 18:01:28

i am confused can u make it simple and short


Shaggy
October 28th 2012 | 17:39:54

If this is based on his first time being successfull getting the artifact back to the PU why would he wake up on the mountain side laughing as he knew had experienced his last failed attempted. And if Frank woke him up to get out of his bedroom so he doesnt die would that be the manipulated dead faiking to trap frank to send it back to the pu killing him in the bed making the the other Donnie in the previous time loop fail to send it back and killing him


kris.
October 21st 2012 | 12:57:44

i like this besides the god reference. i think it's all physics.


deusexmachina
October 17th 2012 | 20:25:31

why are you all so afraid of a God...If you don't believe in him , why are you trying to prove that He doesn't exist , why its so important to you people ..are you trying to save the world or something .personally I think , you need to be really soulful to understand the meaning of what's exactly happening in your life ..and that's why this movie is so different , it touches transcedental , unexplainable things ..you won't get the answers to everything , so let it be


Dan
October 15th 2012 | 17:41:23

@ Rosie
I said he no longer feared death, which is something that really concerned him before. He now feels that there is more to life after you die so there is no reason to fear death anymore.

Maybe it's just a temporary feeling, we will never know.

I still say (and always have) that it's very doubtful he knew he was going to die so therefore the matter of him choosing to die or not becomes irrelevant. The TU version of himself probably is aware that the engine could kill the PU version of himself but he can't control that outcome.


rosie
October 15th 2012 | 16:41:25

if this is all true then i hate the ending because i don't like the idea of donnie dying because he feels "closer to god" like i'm an atheist and it just seems really, really sad to me like he's dying for no reason

unless that part is wrong - which it could be - and donnie has a different reason for killing himself (i always thought he was laughing because he felt like he was finally free from all the weird shit and he could just stop going through so much unnecessary pain now hence the suicide)


unholy
October 15th 2012 | 1:44:54

nice


James
October 6th 2012 | 17:33:06

The explanation says that having two copies of the same object(the artifact) is what makes the TU unstable. I get that when Donnie removes the artifact, he makes the TU safe to collapse, but doesn't this mean that the PU now has two copies of the jet engine, making it unstable?


Zombishie
October 6th 2012 | 13:58:32

I simply love this movie, and this site explains it very clearly. Thank you.


Looper
October 4th 2012 | 16:58:44

awesome movie. had to watch alone. some people around me got lost


Madi
October 2nd 2012 | 17:22:56

Since Frank was killed by Donnie in the TU, would he still have died in the PU? Since he was dead as he lead Donnie through everything, I wonder if would have died once the PU restarted on October 30th.


Anna
October 1st 2012 | 0:11:01

Also I don't think the movie is religious. It does ask about "the search for god", but still I don't think it is religious.


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Cherita Chan - Manipulated Living
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